Can a vasectomy be reversed?

Yes. A vasectomy can sometimes be reversed with microsurgery to reconnect the vas deferens. Success rates vary depending on time since vasectomy and surgical technique.

What is the success rate of vasectomy reversal?

Success depends on timing. Within 3 years, 70–95% of reversals restore sperm. After 10+ years, success rates drop to 30–50%.

How much does vasectomy reversal cost?

In the U.S., vasectomy reversal costs $6,000–$15,000. It is rarely covered by insurance.

What are alternatives to vasectomy reversal?

Alternatives include sperm retrieval with IVF or using previously banked sperm. These can provide a path to pregnancy without reversal surgery.

Vasectomy Reversal: Success Rates, Costs & What to Expect

Vasectomy is designed to be a permanent form of birth control. But life can change. Some men later decide they want biological children again due to new relationships, changing life goals, or the loss of a child. In these cases, vasectomy reversal may be an option. Here’s what you need to know about how it works, success rates, and important considerations.

What Is a Vasectomy Reversal?

A vasectomy reversal is a microsurgical procedure that reconnects the vas deferens the tubes that carry sperm from the testicles into the semen. If successful, sperm can once again appear in the ejaculate, restoring fertility.

There are two main types of reversal procedures:

Vasovasostomy: The surgeon reconnects the two cut ends of the vas deferens.
Vasoepididymostomy: If there’s a blockage or scarring near the testicle, the surgeon connects the vas deferens directly to the epididymis (more complex).

Success Rates

Reversal success depends on many factors, especially time since vasectomy and the type of procedure needed.

Within 3 years: 70–95% success rate for sperm returning to semen.
3-8 years: 50–70% success rate.
10+ years: Success rates decline further, often 30-50%.

Even if sperm return, pregnancy rates are lower (30-70%) and depend on partner’s fertility as well.

How Much Does Reversal Cost?

U.S. average: $6,000-$15,000 depending on the surgeon and location.
Usually not covered by insurance, as it’s considered elective.
Additional costs may include anesthesia, facility fees, and follow-up semen analysis.

Recovery After Reversal

Most men can return to desk work in 3-5 days.
Strenuous activity and sex should be avoided for 2-3 weeks.
Follow-up semen testing is required to see if sperm are present.

Alternatives to Reversal

Sperm retrieval + IVF: Doctors can collect sperm directly from the testicles for use in in vitro fertilization (IVF).
Sperm banking: If you’re considering vasectomy but might want kids later, freezing sperm beforehand is an option.

Is Vasectomy Truly Permanent?

Yes, vasectomy should always be considered permanent. Reversal is possible, but it’s costly, not guaranteed, and success depends on many variables. Men uncertain about their future family plans may want to consider alternative birth control options or sperm banking before the procedure.

Final Thoughts

Vasectomy reversal can restore fertility for some men, but it’s not a guarantee. The best approach is to go into a vasectomy assuming it is permanent. If life circumstances change, reversal or IVF may provide a second chance, but outcomes vary.

Related guides:

Vasectomy and Reversal: What You Should Know