Education and Training:
- Residency, Division of Urology, Johns Hopkins Hospital (1979)
- Fellowship, National Prostatic Cancer Project, American Cancer Society, Johns Hopkins Hospital (1977)
- Internship, General Surgery, Millard Fillmore Hospitals, Buffalo, New York (1975)
- MD, MD, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences (1973)
- BA, Yankton College (1968)